US Leads Bitcoin Holdings as Crypto Sentiment Stays Neutral After Historic Executive Order

Bitwise Weekly Crypto Market Compass – Week 5, 2025

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  • Last week, cryptoassets generally performed in line with traditional asset classes last week despite the historic signing of the crypto-related executive order by President Trump.
  • Our in-house “Cryptoasset Sentiment Index” currently signals a neutral sentiment.
  • National Digital Asset Stockpile: US government controls around 20.3 bn USD across 8 different chains of which Bitcoin (BTC) represents around 98% of holdings – the US still the biggest sovereign holder of Bitcoin (BTC) worldwide with approximately 198k BTC in holdings.
US Leads Bitcoin Holdings as Crypto Sentiment Stays Neutral After Historic Executive Order | Bitwise Weekly Crypto Market Compass | Bitwise

Chart of the Week

Bitcoin Holdings by Country Global Sovereign Country BTC Holdings
Source: bitcointreasuries.net, Bitwise Europe; latest data as of 2025-01-27

Performance

Last week, cryptoassets generally performed in line with traditional asset classes last week despite the historic signing of the crypto-related executive order by President Trump.

The executive order includes the following key points:

  • The Executive Order creates the Presidential Working Group on Digital Asset Markets to bolster U.S. leadership in digital finance.
  • The group will develop a federal regulatory framework for digital assets, including stablecoins, and consider creating a national digital assets stockpile.
  • The White House AI & Crypto Czar, David Sacks, will chair the group, which includes the Treasury Secretary, SEC Chairman, and other key officials.
  • The AI & Crypto Czar will collaborate with top experts in digital assets and markets to ensure external insights inform the group's work.
  • Departments and agencies are tasked with identifying regulations and actions related to digital assets that should be modified or revoked, submitting recommendations to the Working Group.
  • The order bans agencies from taking any steps to establish, issue, or promote central bank digital currencies (CBDCs).
  • It also rescinds the previous Administration's Digital Assets Executive Order and the Treasury's framework on international digital asset engagement, which hindered innovation and U.S. global leadership in digital finance.

The creation of the national digital asset stockpile was seen as a positive signal towards ultimately establishing a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve.

At the time of writing, the US government controls around 20.3 bn USD across 8 different chains of which Bitcoin (BTC) represents around 98% of holdings according to the latest data provided by Arkham Intelligence.

The US government is still the biggest sovereign holder of Bitcoin (BTC) worldwide with approximately 198k BTC in holdings (Chart-of-the-Week).

It is worth noting though that, although the executive order does not entail immediate new purchases of cryptoassets by the US government, it takes potential sales of the existing stockpile off the market, which is positive.

According to the latest estimates by Polymarket, traders estimate the odds that the US government will ultimately create a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve in 2025 at 54%.

Moreover, in a groundbreaking move, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has officially repealed Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 121, a contentious regulation that had previously restricted banks from providing bitcoin and crypto custody services.

Announced on Thursday, this decision marks a notable change in the SEC's stance on bitcoin and crypto regulation, opening the door to increased financial integration.

In another major news, Michael Saylor once again indicated on Twitter/X that Microstrategy might have increased its BTC holdings once again. It is quite likely that Microstrategy's BTC holdings have already surpassed 50 billion USD for the first time ever after the latest purchases.

Apart from these developments, we have seen a continuously high net inflows into global crypto ETPs last week which have also supported the recent rally in prices (more details in the Fund Flows section below).

However, the recent Deepseek AI saga could cause some short-term volatility in US equities and possibly also cryptoassets. Indices like the S&P 500 have seen increasing concentration in fewer mega caps like Nvidia which have been major performance drivers for the whole market in recent months. In general, some of the Mag7 stocks appear vulnerable due to relatively high valuations.

The issue is that correlations between major cryptoassets like Bitcoin or Ethereum to US equities remain relatively high – above 0.5 over the past 3 months – so any downside in traditional equities could propagate to cryptoasset markets as well.

However, this could potentially create interesting tactical entry points for those investors looking to increase their exposure in 2025.

The market will also have a strong focus on the upcoming FOMC meeting which is scheduled for the 28 th and 29 th of January. At the time of writing, Fed Funds Futures expect the Fed to leave its Target Rate unchanged at 4.50%.

Cross Asset Performance (Week-to-Date) Cross Asset Week to Date Performance
Source: Bloomberg, Coinmarketcap; performances in USD exept Bund Future
Top 10 Cryptoasset Performance (Week-to-Date) Crypto Top 10 Week to Date Performance
Source: Coinmarketcap

In general, among the top 10 crypto assets, TRON, Chainlink, and XRP were the relative outperformers.

Nonetheless, altcoin outperformance vis-à-vis Bitcoin continued to be relatively low last week, with around 30% of our tracked altcoins managing to outperform Bitcoin on a weekly basis. Ethereum has also slightly underperformed Bitcoin last week.

Sentiment

Our in-house “Cryptoasset Sentiment Index” currently signals a neutral sentiment.

At the moment, 7 out of 15 indicators are above their short-term trend.

We are currently observing significant increases in the BTC Perpetual Funding Rate as well BTC Exchange Inflows.

The Crypto Fear & Greed Index currently signals a “Greed” level of sentiment as of this morning.

Performance dispersion among cryptoassets has declined to very low levels. This signals that altcoins have continued to be increasingly correlated with the performance of Bitcoin lately.

Altcoin outperformance vis-à-vis Bitcoin has also remained low last week, with around 30% of our tracked altcoins managing to outperform Bitcoin on a weekly basis. Ethereum has also slightly underperformed Bitcoin last week.

In general, increasing (decreasing) altcoin outperformance tends to be a sign of increasing (decreasing) risk appetite within cryptoasset markets and the latest altcoin underperformance still signals bearish risk appetite at the moment.

Sentiment in traditional financial markets as measured by our in-house measure of Cross Asset Risk Appetite (CARA) remained relatively high last week. The index still signals a bullish cross asset risk appetite as of yesterday.

Fund Flows

Weekly fund flows into global crypto ETPs have continued to be very positive last week.

Global crypto ETPs saw around +2,221.0 mn USD in weekly net inflows across all types of cryptoassets, after +2,281.5 mn USD in net inflows the previous week.

Global Bitcoin ETPs flows have also accelerated significantly with net inflows totalling +1,871.7 mn USD last week, of which +1,757.5 mn USD in net inflows were related to US spot Bitcoin ETFs alone, despite the fact that US markets were closed on the 20 th of January due to Trump's inauguration.

The Bitwise Bitcoin ETF (BITB) in the US experienced minor net outflows, totalling -18.5 mn USD last week.

In Europe, the Bitwise Physical Bitcoin ETP (BTCE) also experienced minor net outflows equivalent to -15.3 mn USD, while the Bitwise Core Bitcoin ETP (BTC1) managed to attract capital of around +1.4 mn USD.

Outflows from the Grayscale Bitcoin Trust (GBTC) continued unabated, with around -97.9 mn USD in net outflows last week. The iShares Bitcoin Trust (IBIT) saw around +1,316.5 mn USD in net inflows last week.

Meanwhile, flows into global Ethereum ETPs also continued to be high, with around +214.5 mn USD in net inflows after +215.2 mn USD in net inflows the week before.

US Ethereum spot ETFs also recorded net inflows with around +139.3 mn USD on aggregate. The Grayscale Ethereum Trust (ETHE) continued to experience net outflows with around -44.2 mn USD last week.

The Bitwise Ethereum ETF (ETHW) in the US experienced some net inflows of around +6.1 USD in net inflows last week.

In Europe, the Bitwise Physical Ethereum ETP (ZETH) experienced minor net outflows of -0.2 mn USD while the Bitwise Ethereum Staking ETP (ET32) experienced some net outflows of around -0.4 mn USD.

Altcoin ETPs ex Ethereum continued to attract capital last week, with around +67.4 mn USD in global net inflows on aggregate. The Bitwise Physical Solana ETP (ESOL) saw minor net outflows (-0.6 mn USD) while the Bitwise Solana Staking ETP (BSOL) did not experience any creations or redemptions last week (+/- 0 mn USD).

Furthermore, thematic & basket crypto ETPs experienced increasing net inflows of around +67.3 mn USD on aggregate last week. The Bitwise MSCI Digital Assets Select 20 ETP (DA20) also saw positive net inflows last week (+1.3 mn USD).

Global crypto hedge funds have increased their market exposure to Bitcoin last week. The 20-days rolling beta of global crypto hedge funds' performance to Bitcoin increased to around 0.62 per yesterday's close, up from 0.55 the week before.

On-Chain Data

In general, Bitcoin's on-chain developments have become less of a tailwind more recently.

Selling pressure remained relatively high, with around -1.05 bn USD in net selling volumes on BTC spot exchanges.

On a positive note, exchange balances continued to drift lower last week, indicating a continuous drop in the amount of liquid supply available on exchanges, indicating that the overall supply deficit in Bitcoin is still intensifying.

At the time of writing, only 2.747 million BTC remain on exchanges, according to data provided by Glassnode.

That being said, whales started to distribute bitcoins on exchanges on a net basis. More specifically, BTC whales sent +6,551 BTC to exchanges, indicating an increase in whale selling pressure. Network entities that possess at least 1,000 Bitcoin are referred to as whales.

We are currently observing an interesting development in ETH/BTC relative on-chain developments: Relative transaction count between ETH L1 and BTC L1 has increased to the highest level since March 2024, signalling improving on-chain fundamentals for ETH despite the continued underperformance more recently.

Futures, Options & Perpetuals

Last week, BTC futures open interest increased slightly as traders positioned ahead of the presidential inauguration.

Meanwhile, both BTC futures long and short liquidations remained relatively moderate last week.

Nonetheless, BTC perpetual funding rates soared to the highest level since early November in early Monday morning trading and again over the weekend, which implies that perpetual traders have significantly increased their long positioning.

In general, when the funding rate is positive (negative), long (short) positions periodically pay short (long) positions, which is indicative of bullish (bearish) sentiment.

The BTC 3-months annualised basis decreased slightly to around 12.1% p.a. averaged across various futures exchanges.

Meanwhile, BTC option open interest also continued to increase by around +13k BTC last week. The put-call open interest ratio increased significantly, signalling increased put buying last week.

This was also somewhat reflected in the 1-month 25-delta skew for BTC which also increased and signals an increase in bearish sentiment.

BTC option implied volatilities decreased significantly after the inauguration as option traders unwound some of their previous hedges/bets.

At the time of writing, implied volatilities of 1-month ATM Bitcoin options are currently at around 54.9% p.a.

Bottom Line

  • Last week, cryptoassets generally performed in line with traditional asset classes last week, despite the historic signing of the crypto-related executive order by President Trump.
  • Our in-house “Cryptoasset Sentiment Index” currently signals a neutral sentiment.
  • National Digital Asset Stockpile: US government controls around 20.3 bn USD across 8 different chains of which Bitcoin (BTC) represents around 98% of holdings – the US still the biggest sovereign holder of Bitcoin (BTC) worldwide with approximately 198k BTC in holdings.

Appendix

Bitcoin Price vs Cryptoasset Sentiment Index Bitcoin Price vs Crypto Sentiment Index
Source: Bloomberg, Coinmarketcap, Glassnode, NilssonHedge, alternative.me, Bitwise Europe
Cryptoasset Sentiment Index Crypto Sentiment Index Bar Chart
Source: Bloomberg, Coinmarketcap, Glassnode, NilssonHedge, alternative.me, Bitwise Europe; *multiplied by (-1)
Cryptoasset Sentiment Index Crypto Market Compass Subcomponents
Source: Bloomberg, Coinmarketcap, Glassnode, NilssonHedge, alternative.me, Bitwise Europe
TradFi Sentiment Indicators Crypto Market Compass TradFi Indicators
Source: Bloomberg, NilssonHedge, Bitwise Europe
Crypto Sentiment Indicators Crypto Market Compass Sentiment Indicators
Source: Coinmarketcap, alternative.me, Bitwise Europe
Crypto Options' Sentiment Indicators Crypto Market Compass Option Indicators
Source: Glassnode, Bitwise Europe
Crypto Futures & Perpetuals' Sentiment Indicators Crypto Market Compass Futures Indicators
Source: Glassnode, Bitwise Europe; *Inverted
Crypto On-Chain Indicators Crypto Market Compass OnChain Indicators
Source: Glassnode, Bitwise Europe
Bitcoin vs Crypto Fear & Greed Index Bitcoin Price vs Crypto Fear Greed
Source: alternative.me, Coinmarketcap, Bitwise Europe
Bitcoin vs Global Crypto ETP Fund Flows BTC vs All Crypto ETP Funds Fund Flows Daily long PCT
Source: Bloomberg, Bitwise Europe; ETPs only, data subject to change
Global Crypto ETP Fund Flows All Crypto ETP Funds Fund Flows Daily short
Source: Bloomberg, Bitwise Europe; ETPs only; data subject to change
US Spot Bitcoin ETF Fund Flows US Spot Bitcoin ETF Funds Fund Flows Daily since launch
Source: Bloomberg, Bitwise Europe; data subject to change
US Spot Bitcoin ETFs: Flows since launch US Spot Bitcoin ETF Fund Flows since launch
Source: Bloomberg, Fund flows since traiding launch on 11/01/24; data subject to change
US Spot Bitcoin ETFs: 5-days flow US Spot Bitcoin ETF Fund Flows 5d
Source: Bloomber; data subject to change
US Bitcoin ETFs: Net Fund Flows since 11th Jan mn USD US Spot Bitcoin ETF Table
Source: Bloomberg, Bitwise Europe; data as of 24-01-2025
US Sport Ethereum ETF Fund Flows US Spot Ethereum ETF Funds Fund Flows Daily since launch
Source: Bloomberg, Bitwise Europe; data subject to change
US Sport Ethereum ETFs: Flows since launch US Spot Ethereum ETF Fund Flows since launch
Source: Bloomberg, Fund flows since trading launch on 23/07/24; data subject on change
US Sport Ethereum ETFs: 5-days flow US Spot Ethereum ETF Fund Flows 5d
Source: Bloomberg; data subject on change
US Ethereum ETFs: Net Fund Flows since 23rd July US Spot Ethereum ETF Table
Source: Bloomberg, Bitwise Europe; data as of 24-01-2025
Bitcoin vs Crypto Hedge Fund Beta Bitcoin Price vs Hedge Fund Beta
Source: Glassnode, Bloomberg, NilssonHedge, Bitwise Europe
Altseason Index Altseason Index short
Source: Coinmetrics, Bitwise Europe
Bitcoin vs Crypto Dispersion Index Crypto Dispersion vs Bitcoin short
Source: Coinmarketcap, Bitwise Europe; Dispersion = (1 - Average Altcoin Correlation with Bitcoin)
Bitcoin Price vs Futures Basis Rate BTC 3m Basis
Source: Glassnode, Bitwise Europe; data as of 2025-01-27
Ethereum Price vs Futures Basis Rate ETH 3m Basis
Source: Glassnode, Bitwise Europe; data as of 2025-01-27
BTC Net Exchange Volume by Size Bitcoin Net Exchange Volume by Size
Source: Glassnode, Bitwise Europe

Important information:

This article does not constitute investment advice, nor does it constitute an offer or solicitation to buy financial products. This article is for general informational purposes only, and there is no explicit or implicit assurance or guarantee regarding the fairness, accuracy, completeness, or correctness of this article or the opinions contained therein. It is advised not to rely on the fairness, accuracy, completeness, or correctness of this article or the opinions contained therein. Please note that this article is neither investment advice nor an offer or solicitation to acquire financial products or cryptocurrencies.

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About Bitwise

Bitwise is one of the world’s leading crypto specialist asset managers. Thousands of financial advisors, family offices, and institutional investors across the globe have partnered with us to understand and access the opportunities in crypto. Since 2017, Bitwise has established a track record of excellence managing a broad suite of index and active solutions across ETPs, separately managed accounts, private funds, and hedge fund strategies—spanning both the U.S. and Europe.

In Europe, for the past four years Bitwise (previously ETC Group) has developed an extensive and innovative suite of crypto ETPs, including Europe’s largest and most liquid bitcoin ETP.

This family of crypto ETPs is domiciled in Germany and approved by BaFin. We exclusively partner with reputable entities from the traditional financial industry, ensuring that 100% of the assets are securely stored offline (cold storage) through regulated custodians.

Our European products comprise a collection of carefully designed financial instruments that seamlessly integrate into any professional portfolio, providing comprehensive exposure to crypto as an asset class. Access is straightforward via major European stock exchanges, with primary listings on Xetra, the most liquid exchange for ETF trading in Europe.

Retail investors benefit from easy access through numerous DIY/online brokers, coupled with our robust and secure physical ETP structure, which includes a redemption feature.

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